Across neighborhoods in N’Djamena and smaller cities throughout Chad, the rise in repeated miscarriages among women in their twenties has become a growing concern. These young mothers face a complex web of medical and social challenges that often go unaddressed. Stigma, insufficient awareness, and limited access to specialized care contribute to profound psychological and relational strain on couples.
To shed light on the causes and consequences of spontaneous abortions, we spoke with Dr. Deubalbe Djonka Djoret, a general practitioner.
Understanding miscarriage: causes and contributing factors
Dr. Djonka explains that a miscarriage—also called spontaneous abortion—occurs when a pregnancy ends before the 20th or 22nd week of amenorrhea, or roughly before the fifth month. This is a relatively common experience with multiple potential origins.
Common local and structural causes
Among the most cited local factors are uterine fibroids and cervical insufficiency, where the cervix fails to support the fetus until full term. These conditions can go undetected without proper screening.
Hormonal and nutritional imbalances
Hormonal disruptions, particularly an imbalance between estrogen and progesterone, can derail a healthy pregnancy. Nutritional deficiencies—such as low iron or folic acid—may also lead to neural tube defects in the fetus and increase miscarriage risk.
Genetic and blood-related risks
Chromosomal abnormalities early in pregnancy are another frequent cause. Additionally, Rh incompatibility—when the mother is Rh-negative and the father is Rh-positive—poses a significant threat if not managed.
Infections and chronic conditions
In Chad, infections like malaria, amniotic fluid infections, syphilis, and toxoplasmosis remain under-recognized yet highly dangerous during pregnancy. Chronic illnesses—including diabetes, high blood pressure, kidney disease, and heart conditions—also elevate risks when left unmanaged. Self-medication and exposure to certain medications can further endanger fetal development.
Why young mothers are disproportionately affected
Young women face heightened vulnerability due to several factors. Improper use of hormonal contraceptives or medications, alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and uninformed traditional practices all contribute to increased miscarriage rates. Delayed or inadequate prenatal care only compounds these risks.
Early detection is key to prevention
Early diagnosis plays a critical role in preventing recurrent miscarriages. Unfortunately, advanced diagnostic tools—such as transvaginal cervical length measurement and genetic testing—remain inaccessible or underutilized in many parts of Chad.
The emotional toll of repeated miscarriages
Beyond physical consequences, repeated miscarriages can leave deep emotional scars. Women and their partners often experience grief, diminished self-worth, and even depression. The psychological impact is profound and long-lasting.
Steps toward protection and prevention
Dr. Deubalbe Djonka Djoret urges pregnant women to seek medical attention early and maintain regular consultations with a general practitioner or obstetrician-gynecologist. He also emphasizes preconception care as a proactive way to identify and address risk factors before pregnancy begins.
